What will happen if natural gas combustion is not sufficient? The color of the flame changes greatly
What will happen if natural gas combustion is not sufficient? The color of the flame changes greatly
1. Very insufficient combustion, black smoke, the flame is yellow, the combustion efficiency is very low, and carbon black, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water, and other substances are contained after combustion.
2. Not sufficient combustion, a small amount or no black smoke, the flame is yellow, the combustion efficiency is low, and carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water, and other substances are contained after combustion.
3. Complete combustion, the flame is blue and bright, the combustion efficiency is higher, and mainly contains carbon dioxide and water after combustion.
I. Basic concepts
1. Natural gas refers to all gases that exist naturally in the natural world, including gases formed by natural processes in the atmosphere, water, and rock layers, including oil gas, gas gas, mud volcano gas, coalbed gas, and biogenic gas. The definition of “natural gas” that people have used for a long time is a narrow definition from the perspective of energy, which is a mixture of hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon gases in the ground.
2. Natural gas is stored in porous rock layers beneath the ground, including oil gas, gas gas, coalbed gas, mud volcano gas, and biogenic gas, and a small amount comes from coal seams. It is a high-quality fuel and chemical raw material.
3. Natural gas is mainly used as fuel and can be used to produce carbon black, chemical products, and liquefied petroleum gas. Natural gas is composed of a mixture of gaseous low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon gases.
II. Physical and chemical properties
1. Natural gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon gases that exist in the ground in the form of hydrocarbons in rock layers, with a density of about 0.65, which is lighter than air and has the characteristics of being colorless, odorless, and non-toxic.
2. The main components of natural gas are alkanes, with methane as the main component, and a small amount of ethane, propane, and butane. In addition, there are usually hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water vapor, and a small amount of rare gases such as helium and argon. Natural gas is added with thiols, tetrahydrothiophene, and other odorants before it is delivered to the end user to facilitate leak detection.
3. Natural gas is insoluble in water, with a density of 0.7174 kg/Nm3[2], a relative density (water) of about 0.45 (liquefied), a flash point (℃) of 650, and an explosion limit (V%) of 5-15. Under standard conditions, methane to butane exists as a gas, and pentane and above are liquid. Methane is the shortest and lightest hydrocarbon molecule with a molecular weight.
4. Organic sulfur compounds and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are common impurities, and in most cases of using natural gas, they must be removed in advance. Natural gas with high sulfur content is described in professional terminology as sour.
5. The calorific value of natural gas per cubic meter is 8000-8500 kcal. The calorific value of 1 kg liquefied gas is 11000 kcal. The density of gaseous liquefied gas is 2.5 kg/m3. The calorific value of 1 cubic meter of liquefied gas is 25200 kcal.
III. Composition and classification
1. Natural gas can be divided into free gas, dissolved gas, adsorbed gas, and solid hydrate according to its state in the ground. Only free gas that has accumulated can be developed and utilized.
2. Natural gas can be divided into associated gas and non-associated gas according to its formation form.
3. Natural gas can be divided into structural gas, water-soluble gas, and coalbed gas according to its storage state. Structural gas can be further divided into wet natural gas and dry natural gas.
4. Natural gas can be divided into biogenic gas, oil gas, and coal gas according to its origin. Inorganic gas, especially non-hydrocarbon gas, is highly valued.